Source(s)

Sourander A, Ronning J, Brunstein-Klomeck A, et al. Childhood Bullying Behavior and Later Psychiatric Hospital and Psychopharmacologic Treatment: Findings from the Finnish 1981 Birth Cohort Study. Archives of General Psychiatry. September 9, 2009;66(9):1005-1012.

Calculation(s) by Book of Odds Based On

ArcticStat [Internet]. Arctic Stat; Available from: http://www.arcticstat.org/index.htm

Definitions

Those who frequently bullied (but were not victimized) according to at least 1 informant (parental, teacher, or self-reports).

The use of drugs for the modification of behavior and the alleviation of symptoms, particularly in the treatment of mental disorders.

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Odds Statement provided by Book of Odds Inc., http://www.bookofodds.com/content/view/full/625925 (Accessed: )

Rounding Rules

Odds more likely than 1 in 10, such as 1 in 3.42, are rounded to three significant digits. Odds less likely than 1 in 10, such as 1 in 420.4, are rounded to four significant digits. Trailing zeros after the decimal point are dropped for readability, even though they may still be significant.

Odds you'll see: 1 in 4.26; 14.5; 143; 5,230; 433,200

Odds you won't see: 1 in 2.412; 63.042; 425,242c