Source(s)

Gearhart JP, Lakshmanan Y, Matlaga BR, Novak TE. Sex Prevalence of Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease in the United States: An Epidemiologic Investigation. Urology. May 11, 2009;74(1):104-108.

Definitions

Urolithiasis, kidney stones, renal stones, and renal calculi are interchangeably used to refer to the accretion of hard, solid, nonmetallic minerals in the urinary tract.

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Rounding Rules

Odds more likely than 1 in 10, such as 1 in 3.42, are rounded to three significant digits. Odds less likely than 1 in 10, such as 1 in 420.4, are rounded to four significant digits. Trailing zeros after the decimal point are dropped for readability, even though they may still be significant.

Odds you'll see: 1 in 4.26; 14.5; 143; 5,230; 433,200

Odds you won't see: 1 in 2.412; 63.042; 425,242c