Calculation(s) by Book of Odds Based On

Lynn M. Black-White Differences in Tipping of Various Service Providers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. July 31, 2006;34(11):2261-2271.

Population Estimates Program [Internet]. U.S. Census Bureau; Available from: http://www.census.gov/popest/estimates.php

Definitions

Respondents were asked 'If you received good service from ____ [service provider type] would you tip them a percent of the total cost of the service, tip them a flat amount, or not give them a tip?' Respondents are included in this figure if they responded that they would either tip a percent or a flat amount.

A person aged 18 or older.

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Odds Statement provided by Book of Odds Inc., http://www.bookofodds.com/content/view/full/603990 (Accessed: )

Rounding Rules

Odds more likely than 1 in 10, such as 1 in 3.42, are rounded to three significant digits. Odds less likely than 1 in 10, such as 1 in 420.4, are rounded to four significant digits. Trailing zeros after the decimal point are dropped for readability, even though they may still be significant.

Odds you'll see: 1 in 4.26; 14.5; 143; 5,230; 433,200

Odds you won't see: 1 in 2.412; 63.042; 425,242c